2019

Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2019: 361, 14-25

Exploring time-dependent changes in conditioned place preference for food reward and associated changes in the nucleus accumbens

Authors: Tuplin, E.W.N., Holahan M.R.

  Appetitive conditioned place preference and related accumbal neuron plasticity/c-Fos/FosB expression in rats
  Tuplin, E.W.N., Holahan M.R. - 2019

  CLASSICAL PAVLOVIAN CONDITIONING   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   FEEDING AND DRINKING
Contained in: Brain Res., 2019: 1707, 154-163

Treadmill exercise restores high fat diet-induced disturbance of hippocampal neurogenesis through β2-adrenergic recetor-dependent induction of thioredoxin-1 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor

Authors: Han, T.-K., Leem Y.-H., Kim H.-S.

  Treadmill exercise effects on high fat diet-induced hippocampal neurogenesis diminution/neuronal oxidative stress implementation and Morris water maze impairment via β2-adrenergic modulation on BDNF level implementation in mice
  Han, T.-K., Leem Y.-H., Kim H.-S. - 2019

  LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS   FEEDING AND DRINKING   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   NEUROPEPTIDES
Contained in: Hippocampus, 2019: 29, 352-365

Differential effects of adolescent and adult-initiated exercise on cognition and hippocampal neurogenesis

Authors: O'Leary, J.D., Hoban A.E., Murphy A., O'Leary O.F., Cryan J.F., Nolan Y.M.

  Adult and adolescent-initiated exercise on hippocampal neurogenesis/plasticity, object recognition, spatial learning and operant responding in adult rats
  O'Leary, J.D., Hoban A.E., Murphy A., O'Leary O.F., Cryan J.F., Nolan Y.M. - 2019

  HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   AGE   OPERANT CONDITIONING   LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY
Contained in: Hippocampus, 2019: 29, 366-377

The effects of living in an outdoor enclosure on hippocampal plasticity and anxiety-like behavior in response to nematode infection

Authors: Cope, E.C., Opendak M., LaMarca E.A., Murthy S., Park C.Y., Olson L.B., Martinez S., Meung J.M., Graham A.L., Gould E.

  Living environmental condition on nematode infection effects on hippocampal neuronal plasticity/neurogenesis, exploratory activity and object location performance in mice
  Cope, E.C., Opendak M., LaMarca E.A., Murthy S., Park C.Y., Olson L.B., Martinez S., Meung J.M., Graham A.L., Gould E. - 2019

  HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
Contained in: Hippocampus, 2019: 29, 378-403

Disparate forms of heterogeneities and interactions among them drive channel decorrelation in the dentate gyrus: degeneracy and dominance

Authors: Mishra, P., Narayanan R.

  Dentate gyrus cell excitability/plasticity related to structural heterogeneity/neuronal ge: channel decorrelation/computational study
  Mishra, P., Narayanan R. - 2019

  HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS APPLIED TO BEHAVIOR   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   ELECTRIC/MAGNETIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATION   ENTORHINAL CORTEX
Contained in: J. Neurosci. Methods, 2019: 316, 71-82

Peeking into the sleeping brain: using in vivo imaging in rodents to understand the relationship between sleep and cognition

Authors: Sigl-Glickner, J., Seibt J.

  Rodent brain in vivo imaging and sleep/plasticity relationship investigations - Methods - Review
  Sigl-Glickner, J., Seibt J. - 2019

  REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   SLEEP   BRAIN IMAGING   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   CEREBRAL CORTEX   METHODS IN NEUROSCIENCE AND BEHAVIOR
Contained in: Neurobiol. Learn. Mem., 2019: 159, 46-51

Trax: a versatile signaling protein plays key roles in synaptic plasticity and DNA repair

Authors: Chern, Y., Chien T., Fu X., Shah A.P., Abel T., Baraban J.M.

  Translin-associated protein X (TRAX) role in synaptic plasticity and DNA repair signaling pathways - Review
  Chern, Y., Chien T., Fu X., Shah A.P., Abel T., Baraban J.M. - 2019

  PROTEINS AND GENES   REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY
Contained in: Neurosci. Res., 2019: 140, 53-58

Neuronal mechanisms regulating the critical period of sensory experience-dependent song learning

Authors: Yazaki-Sugiyama, Y.

  Neuronal mechainsms related to sensory experienced-dependent song learning ontogeny in birds - Review
  Yazaki-Sugiyama, Y. - 2019

  REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR   AGE   MOTOR LEARNING   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY
Contained in: Neurosci. Lett., 2019: 696, 79-86

Levetiracetam combined with ACEA, highly selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist changes neurogenesis in mouse brain

Authors: Zagaja, M., Haratym-Maj A., Szewczyk A., Rola R., Maj M., Luszczki J.J., Andres-Mach M.

  Antiepilectic leviracetam and CB1 agonist ACEA exposure on hippocampal neurogenesis in adult mice
  Zagaja, M., Haratym-Maj A., Szewczyk A., Rola R., Maj M., Luszczki J.J., Andres-Mach M. - 2019

  CANNABINOIDS   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM
Contained in: Neuroscience, 2019: 402, 1-10

Effect of ozone exposure on dendritic spines of CA1 pyramidal neurons of the dorsal hippocampus and object-place recognition memory in rats

Authors: Bello-Medina, P.C., Prado-Alcalà R.A., Rivas-Arancibia S.

  Ozone exposure on hippocampal neuron plasticity/oxidative stress and object location in rats
  Bello-Medina, P.C., Prado-Alcalà R.A., Rivas-Arancibia S. - 2019

  NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY
Contained in: Neuron, 2019: 101, 1150-1165

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-expressing interneuorns in the hippocampus support goal-oriented spatial learning

Authors: Turi, G.F., Li W.-K., Chavlis S., Pandi I., O'Hare J., Priestley J.B., Grosmark A.D., Liao Z., Ladow M., Zhang J.F., Zemelman B.V., Poirazi P., Losonczy A.

  Hippocampal VIP expressing interneuron role in rewarded spatial learning performing and related place cell plasticity in mice: optogenetic study
  Turi, G.F., Li W.-K., Chavlis S., Pandi I., O'Hare J., Priestley J.B., Grosmark A.D., Liao Z., Ladow M., Zhang J.F., Zemelman B.V., Poirazi P., Losonczy A. - 2019

  VIP, PACAP, EPAC   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   ELECTRIC/MAGNETIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATION   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   ENTORHINAL CORTEX   SEPTUM
Contained in: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2019: 116, 5727-5736

MicroRNA-186-5p controls GluA2 surface expression and synaptic scaling in hippocampal neurons

Authors: Silva, M.M., Rodrigues B., Fernandes J., Santos S.D., Carreto L., Santos M.A.S., Pinheiro P., Carvalho A.L.

  GluA2 AMPA receptor role in hippocampal neuron excitability/plasticity in rats: microRNA-186-5p role
  Silva, M.M., Rodrigues B., Fernandes J., Santos S.D., Carreto L., Santos M.A.S., Pinheiro P., Carvalho A.L. - 2019

  GLUTAMATE   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   ELECTRIC/MAGNETIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATION   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   CEREBRAL CORTEX   N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE (NMDA)
Contained in: Neuropharmacology, 2019: 148, 272-283

Recurrent binge ethanol is associated with significant loss of dentate gyrus granule neurons in female rats despite concomitant increase in neurogenesis

Authors: West, R.K., Wooden J.I., Barton E.A., Leasure J.L.

  Ethanol exposure and exercise prefrontal/hippocampal neuronal loss/plasticity/neurogenesis, locomotion/exploration and spatial learning in female rats
  West, R.K., Wooden J.I., Barton E.A., Leasure J.L. - 2019

  NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LESIONS   LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   GLUCOCORTICOIDS
Contained in: Trends Cogn. Sci., 2019: 23, 293-304

Brain modularity: a buomarker of intervention-related plasticity

Authors: Gallen, C.L., D'Esposito M.

  Brain network modularity and cognitive plasticity - Review
  Gallen, C.L., D'Esposito M. - 2019

  REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LESIONS   MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS APPLIED TO BEHAVIOR
Contained in: Trends Cogn. Sci., 2019: 23, 318-333

Exercise and hippocampal memory systems

Authors: Voss, M.W., Soto C., Yoo S., Sodoma M., Vivar C., van Praag H.

  Physical activity, hippocampal plasticity, aging and cognitive processes - Review
  Voss, M.W., Soto C., Yoo S., Sodoma M., Vivar C., van Praag H. - 2019

  LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   AGE
Contained in: Trends Neurosci., 2019: 42, 293-306

Vitamin D in synaptic plasticity, cognitive fiìunction, and neuropsychiatric illness

Authors: Mayne, P.E., Burne T.H.J.

  Vitamin D, neuronal plasticity and cognitive processes - Review
  Mayne, P.E., Burne T.H.J. - 2019

  REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   FEEDING AND DRINKING
Contained in: Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 2019: 20, 235-245

Environmental enrichment, new neurons and the neurobiology of individuality

Authors: Kempermann, G.

  "Environmental enrichment", genetic background and hippocampal adult neurogenesis - Review
  Kempermann, G. - 2019

  REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   PROTEINS AND GENES   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM
Contained in: Brain Res. Bull., 2019: 147, 47-57

Attenuation of adverse effects of noise induced hearing loss on adult neurogenesis and memory in rats by intervention with adenosine A2A receptor agonist

Authors: Shukla, M., Roy K., Kaur C., Nayak D., Mani K.V., Shukla S., Kapoor N.

  Adenosine A2A agonist exposure on stressful acoustic stimulation effects on hippocampal neurogenesis and spatial navigation in rats
  Shukla, M., Roy K., Kaur C., Nayak D., Mani K.V., Shukla S., Kapoor N. - 2019

  NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   GLUCOCORTICOIDS
Contained in: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2019: 116, 6528-6530

Retinoic acid receptor plays both sides of homeostatic plasticity

Authors: Walters, B.J., Josselyn S.A.

  Retinoic acid receptor on hippocampal plasticity - Commentary
  Walters, B.J., Josselyn S.A. - 2019

  REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   GLUTAMATE   PROTEIN KINASES   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   SHORT- AND LONG-TERM POTENTIATION AND DEPRESSION   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2019: 362, 7-20

Adeno-associated viral overexpression of neuroligin 2 in the mouse hippocampus enhances GABAergic synapses and impairs hippocampal-dependent behaviors

Authors: Van Zandt, M., Weiss E., Almyasheva A., Lipior S., Maisel S., Naegele J.R.

  Hippocampal cell adhesion neuroligin 2 protein on hippocampal synaptic GABAergic connection/protein density/plasticity, social interaction/dominance, exploratory activity, object recognition and spatial learning in mice
  Van Zandt, M., Weiss E., Almyasheva A., Lipior S., Maisel S., Naegele J.R. - 2019

  HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   γ-AMINO-BUTYRIC ACID (GABA)   GLUTAMATE   ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR   PROTEINS AND GENES   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   AGGRESSIVE AND DEFENSIVE BEHAVIOR   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2019: 362, 90-102

L-alpha-amino adipic acid provokes depression-like behaviour and a stress related increase in dendritic spine density in the pre-limbic cortex and hippocampus in rodents

Authors: David, J., Gormley S., McIntosh A.L., Kebede V., Thuery G., Varidaki A., Coffey E.T., Harkin A.

  Intra-prefrontal cortex or hippocampus astrocytic toxin L-alpha-amino adipic acid on response to stress and related neuronal plasticity, locomotion/exploration/grooming and object location in mice
  David, J., Gormley S., McIntosh A.L., Kebede V., Thuery G., Varidaki A., Coffey E.T., Harkin A. - 2019

  NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   STEROTYPED BEHAVIORS   CEREBRAL CORTEX   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   STRESS   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2019: 362, 188-198

Enduring effects of muscarinic receptor activation on adult hippocampal neurogenesis, microRNA expression and behaviour

Authors: Costa, A.P.R., Levone B.R., Gururajan A., Moloney G., Hoeller A.A., Lino-de-Oliveira C., Dinan T.G., O'Leary O.F., Monteiro de Lima T.C., Cryan J.F.

  Pilocarpine muscarnic system activation on hippocampla adult neurogenesis exploratory activity, related hippocampal c-fos expression, sucrose preference, neophobia, response to stress and fear conditioning in rats
  Costa, A.P.R., Levone B.R., Gururajan A., Moloney G., Hoeller A.A., Lino-de-Oliveira C., Dinan T.G., O'Leary O.F., Monteiro de Lima T.C., Cryan J.F. - 2019

  ACETYLCHOLINE   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   STRESS   NEOPHOBIA   FEAR AND RELATED BEHAVIORS
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2019: 363, 161-172

PINK1 deficiency is associated with increased deficits of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and lowers the threshold for stress-induced depression in mice

Authors: Agnihotri, S.K., Sun L., Yee B.K., Shen R., Akundi R.S., Zhi L., Duncan M.J., Cass W.A., Bueler H.

  Parkinson'sdisease-linked mitochondrial kinase PINK1 role in hippocampal neurogenesis/plasticity/glucocorticoid receptor expression, locomotion/exploration, neophobia, sucrese preference, response to stress and related hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation in mice
  Agnihotri, S.K., Sun L., Yee B.K., Shen R., Akundi R.S., Zhi L., Duncan M.J., Cass W.A., Bueler H. - 2019

  NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   HYPOTHALAMUS   PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   STRESS   CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LESIONS   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   NEOPHOBIA   LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY
Contained in: Cell, 2019: 177, 256-271

Multi-sensory gamma stimulation ameliorates Alzheimer's-associated pathology and improves cognition

Authors: Martorell, A.J., Paulson A.L., Suk H.-J., Abdurrob F., Drummond G.T., Guan W., Young J.Z., Kim D.N.-W., Kritskiy O., Barker S.J., Mangena V., Prince S.M., Brown E.N., Chung K., Boyden E.S., Singer A.C., Tsai L.-H.

  Auditory and visual stimuli presentation on cortical and hippocampal gamma oscillation entrainment on prefrontal/hippocampal amyloid load/glial excitability-plasticity, object location/recognition and Morris water maze performance in 5xFAD Alzheimer's model mice
  Martorell, A.J., Paulson A.L., Suk H.-J., Abdurrob F., Drummond G.T., Guan W., Young J.Z., Kim D.N.-W., Kritskiy O., Barker S.J., Mangena V., Prince S.M., Brown E.N., Chung K., Boyden E.S., Singer A.C., Tsai L.-H. - 2019

  CEREBRAL CORTEX   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LESIONS   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   ELECTRIC/MAGNETIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATION
Contained in: Neuroscience, 2019: 404, 175-183

Daytime light intensity modulates spatial learning and hippocampal plasticity in female nile grass rats (Arvicanthis niloticus)

Authors: Soler, J.E., Stumpfig M., Tang Y.-P., Robison A.J., Nunez A.A., Yan L.

  Bright or dim light-dark cycle exposure on hippocampal BDNF expression/neuronal plasticity and Morris water maze performance in adult female diurnal Nile grass rats
  Soler, J.E., Stumpfig M., Tang Y.-P., Robison A.J., Nunez A.A., Yan L. - 2019

  LUMINANCE AND VISION   CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS
Contained in: Neuroscience, 2019: 404, 205-217

Progressive alterations in synaptic transmission and plasticity of area CA1 precede the cognitive impairment associated with neontal administration of MK-801

Authors: Hernandez-Frausto, M., Lopez-Rubalcava C., Galvan E.J.

  Neonatal MK-801 exposure on hippocampal neuronal developmental plasticity/excitability, prepulese inhibition of the startle reflex, social interaction and object recognition in adolescent and adult rats
  Hernandez-Frausto, M., Lopez-Rubalcava C., Galvan E.J. - 2019

  HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE (NMDA)   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR   CONDITIONED AND UNCONDITIONED INHIBITION   STARTLE REFLEX   ELECTRIC/MAGNETIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATION   SHORT- AND LONG-TERM POTENTIATION AND DEPRESSION
Contained in: Neuroscience, 2019: 404, 541-556

Chronic suppression of hypothalamic cell proliferation and neurogenesis induces aging-like changes in sleep-wake organization in young mice

Authors: Kostin, A., Alam M.A., McGinty D., Szymusial R., Alam M.N.

  Hypothalamic cell proliferation and neurogenesis suppression by intracerebroventricular AraC on corcadian sleep-wake profile in young and old mice
  Kostin, A., Alam M.A., McGinty D., Szymusial R., Alam M.N. - 2019

  NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   HYPOTHALAMUS   SLEEP   CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS   AGE   CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LESIONS
Contained in: Plos Biol., 2019: 17, e2007097

Serotonin recepro HTR6-mediated mTORC1 signaing regulates dietary restriction-induced memory enhancement

Authors: Teng, L.-L., Lu G.-L., Chiou L.-C., Lin W.-S., Cheng Y.-Y., Hsueh T.-E., Huang Y.-C., Hwang N.-H., Yeh J.-W., Liao R.-M., Fan S.-Z., Yen J.-H., Fu T.-F., Tsai T.-F., Wu M.-S., Wang P.-Y.

  Dietary protein/tryptophan supplementation and HTR6 receptor role in serum corticosterone levels, hippocampal neuron excitability/plasticity/mTOR-PKA-CREB expression, locomotion/exploration and objec recognition in young and aged mice
  Teng, L.-L., Lu G.-L., Chiou L.-C., Lin W.-S., Cheng Y.-Y., Hsueh T.-E., Huang Y.-C., Hwang N.-H., Yeh J.-W., Liao R.-M., Fan S.-Z., Yen J.-H., Fu T.-F., Tsai T.-F., Wu M.-S., Wang P.-Y. - 2019

  SEROTONIN   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   PROTEIN KINASES   PROTEINS AND GENES   NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS   FEEDING AND DRINKING   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   ELECTRIC/MAGNETIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATION   AGE
Contained in: Neurosci. Lett., 2019: 698, 33-38

A decade of diverse microglial-neuronal physical interactions in the brain (2008-2018)

Authors: Uweru, J.O., Eyo U.B.

  Microglial-neuronal physical interactions - Review
  Uweru, J.O., Eyo U.B. - 2019

  REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY
Contained in: Brain Res., 2019: 1710, 188-198

Sevoflurane-induced learning deficits and spine loss via nectin-1/corticotrophin-releasing hormone receptor type 1 signaling

Authors: Li, Y., Zhang L., Wang C., Tang X., Chen Y., Wang X., Su L., Hu N., Xie K., Yu Y., Wang G.

  Neonatal sevoflurane exposure on hippocampal neuron plasticity7nectin-1 levels/CRH receptor 1 signaling, object recognition and spatial learning in adult mice
  Li, Y., Zhang L., Wang C., Tang X., Chen Y., Wang X., Su L., Hu N., Xie K., Yu Y., Wang G. - 2019

  CORTICO-RELEASING-FACTOR (CRF)   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   ANESTHESIA   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY