Themes: GLUCOCORTICOIDS

2015

Contained in: Neuropharmacology, 2015: 99, 89-97

Disruption of peri-adolescent endocannabinoid signaling modulates adult neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stress in male rats

Authors: Lee, T.T.-Y., Hill M.N., Hillard C.J., Gorzalka B.B.

  Peri-adolescent CB1 antagonist exposure on exploratory activity, response to stress, corticosterone/ACTH plasma levela and brain endocannabinoid receptor expression in adult rats
  Lee, T.T.-Y., Hill M.N., Hillard C.J., Gorzalka B.B. - 2015

  ADRENO-CORTICO-TROPIC-HORMONE (ACTH)   AMYGDALA   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   CANNABINOIDS   CEREBRAL CORTEX   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   HYPOTHALAMUS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   STRESS
Contained in: Physiol. Behav., 2015: 142, 79-84

Acute isoproterenol induces anxiety-like behavior in rats and increases plasma content of extracellular vesicles

Authors: Leo, G., Guescini M., Genedani S., Stocchi V., Carone C., Filaferro M., Sisti D., Marcoli M., Maura G., Cortelli P., Guidolin D., Fuxe K., Agnati L.F.

  Isoproterenol on locomotion/exploration in rats
  Leo, G., Guescini M., Genedani S., Stocchi V., Carone C., Filaferro M., Sisti D., Marcoli M., Maura G., Cortelli P., Guidolin D., Fuxe K., Agnati L.F. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   GLUCOCORTICOIDS
Contained in: Eur. J. Neurosci., 2015: 41, 1139-1148

Norepinephrine and corticosterone in the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus predict PTSD-like symptoms in mice

Authors: Kao, C.-Y., Stalla G., Stalla J., Wotjak C.T., Anderzhanova E.

  Medial prefrontal and hippocampal norepinephrine and corticosterone modulation of stress response to startle reflex and fear conditioning training in mice
  Kao, C.-Y., Stalla G., Stalla J., Wotjak C.T., Anderzhanova E. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   CEREBRAL CORTEX   FEAR AND RELATED BEHAVIORS   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   STARTLE REFLEX   STRESS
Contained in: Neurosci. Lett., 2015: 584, 308-313

High aggression in rats is associated with elevated stress, anxiety-like behavior, and altered catecholamine content in the brain

Authors: Patki, G., Atrooz F., Alkadhi I., Solanki N., Salim S.

  Aggressive behavior on locomotion/exploration, hippocampal/amygdalar(prefrontal epinephrine/norepinephrine/dopamine levels and plasma corticosterone in rats of different strains
  Patki, G., Atrooz F., Alkadhi I., Solanki N., Salim S. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   AMYGDALA   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   AGGRESSIVE AND DEFENSIVE BEHAVIOR   CEREBRAL CORTEX   STRAIN   DOPAMINE   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2015: 281, 111-115

The impact of chronic stress burden of 520-d isolation and confinement on the physiological response to subsequent acute stress challenge

Authors: Yi, B., Matzel S., Feuerecker M., Horl M., Ladinig C., Abeln V., Chouker A., Schneider S.

  Long-time isolation on response to stress in humans
  Yi, B., Matzel S., Feuerecker M., Horl M., Ladinig C., Abeln V., Chouker A., Schneider S. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   CEREBRAL CORTEX   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   STRESS
Contained in: Annu. Rev. Psychol., 2015: 66, 1-24

Consolidating memories

Authors: McGaugh, J.L.

  Stress, amygdala, epinephrine, glucocorticoids and memory consolidation - Review
  McGaugh, J.L. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   AMYGDALA   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   STRESS   CONSOLIDATION
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2015: 284, 131-137

CRTH2, a prostaglandin D2 receptor, mediates depression-related behavior in mice

Authors: Onaka, Y., Shintani N., Nakazawa T., Haba R., Ago Y., Wang H., Kanoh T., Hayata-Takano A., Hirai H., Nagata K.Y., Nakamura M., Hashimoto R., Matsuda T., Waschek J.A., Kasai A., Nagayasu K., Baba A., Hashimoto H.

  Prostaglandin CRTH2 receptor role on locomotion/exploration, response to stress, neophobia, social interaction and brain norepinephrine in mice: corticosterone and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide modulation
  Onaka, Y., Shintani N., Nakazawa T., Haba R., Ago Y., Wang H., Kanoh T., Hayata-Takano A., Hirai R., Nagata K., Nakamura M., Hashimoto R., Matsuda T., Waschek J.A., Kasai A., Nagayasu K., Baba A., Hashimoto H. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS – PROSTAGLANDINS   AMYGDALA   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR   CEREBRAL CORTEX   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   NEOPHOBIA   STRESS   VIP, PACAP, EPAC
Contained in: Brain Res., 2015: 1621, 114-120

Tuning hippocampal synapses by stress-hormones: relevance for emotional memory formation

Authors: Xiong, H., Krugers H.J.

  Stress on memory and hippocampal plasticity - Review
  Xiong, H., Krugers H.J. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   ADRENO-CORTICO-TROPIC-HORMONE (ACTH)   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   STRESS
Contained in: Brain Res., 2015: 1622, 279-291

Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors ameliorates cognitive deficits in deoxycorticosterone acetate induced hypertensive rats via cAMP/CREB signaling system

Authors: Jabaris, S.S.L., Sumathy H., Girish R., Narayanan S., Sugumar M., Babu C.S., Thanikachalam S., Thanikachalam M.

  Phosphodiesterase inhibitor on hippocampal CREB/brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression and object recognition impairment by deoxycorticosterone hypertensive rats
  Jabaris, S.S.L., Sumathy H., Girish R., Narayanan S., Sugumar M., Babu C.S., Thanikachalam S., Thanikachalam M. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS   PROTEINS AND GENES
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2015: 291, 12-19

Thymol produces an antidepressant-like effect in a chronic unpredictable mild stress model of depression in mice

Authors: Deng, X.-Y., Li H.-Y, Chen J.-J., Li R.-P., Qu R., Fu Q., Ma S.-P.

  Thymol on stress-induced sucrose preference response to stress, hippocampal cytokines/serotonin/norepinephrine levels and serum corticosterone level changes in mice
  Deng, X.-Y., Li H.-Y, Chen J.-J., Li R.-P., Qu R., Fu Q., Ma S.-P. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   NEUROPEPTIDES   SEROTONIN   STRESS
Contained in: Psychopharmacology, 2015: 232, 1095-1105

Behavioral effects of nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine in a rat model of depression: prefrontal cortex level of BDNF protein and monoaminergic neurotransmitters

Authors: Aboul-Fotouh, S.

  Nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine on response to stress, sucrose preference social interaction, exploratory activity and prefrontal BDNF/serotonin/norepinephrine levels in rats
  Aboul-Fotouh, S. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   ACETYLCHOLINE   ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR   CEREBRAL CORTEX   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS   SEROTONIN   STRESS
Contained in: Neuropharmacology, 2015: 95, 168-180

Corticotropin-releasing factor 1 receptor mediates the activity of the reward system evoked by morphine-induced conditioned place preference

Authors: Lasheras, M.C., Laorden M.L., Milanes M.V., Nunez C.

  Corticotropin-releasing factor 1 receptor antagonist on conditioned place preference by morphine and related accumbens/ventral tegmental area/locus coeruleus/nucleus solitary tract/lateral hypothalamus c-fos/noradrenergic expression in mice
  Lasheras, M.C., Laorden M.L., Milanes M.V., Nunez C. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   CLASSICAL PAVLOVIAN CONDITIONING   CORTICO-RELEASING-FACTOR (CRF)   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   HYPOTHALAMUS   OPIOIDS   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   PROTEINS AND GENES   UNSPECIFIC ASCENDING ACTIVATING SYSTEM PROJECTION
Contained in: Psychopharmacology, 2015: 232, 2577-2586

Hypofunction of prefrontal cortex NMDA receptors does not change stress-induced release of dopamine and noradrenaline in amygdala but disrupts aversive memory

Authors: Del Arco A., Ronzoni G., Mora F.

  Intra-prefrontal NMDA antagonist on locomotor activity and amygdalar corticosterone/dopamine/noradremaline release in rats: effects on stress or passive avoidance training
  Del Arco A., Ronzoni G., Mora F. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   AVOIDANCE   CEREBRAL CORTEX   DOPAMINE   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE (NMDA)   STRESS
Contained in: Neuroscience, 2015: 311, 1-8

Glucocorticoid enhancement of dorsolateral striatum-dependet habit memory requires concurrent noradrenergic activity

Authors: Goodman, J., Leong K.-C., Packard M.G.

  Noradrenergic modulation of glucocorticoid spatial navigation enhancement in rats
  Goodman, J., Leong K.-C., Packard M.G. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   STRIATUM   CONSOLIDATION
Contained in: J. Neurosci., 2015: 35, 8132-8144

Purification of neural precursor cells reveals the presence of distinct, stimulus-specific subpopulations of quiescent precursors in the adult mouse hippocampus

Authors: Jhaveri, D.J., O'Keeffe I., Robinson G.J., Zhao Q.-Y., Zhang Z.H., Nink V., Narayanan R.K., Osborne G.W., Wray N.R., Bartlett P.F.

  Hippocampal adult neurogenesis cell identification in mice
  Jhaveri, D.J., O'Keeffe I., Robinson G.J., Zhao Q.-Y., Zhang Z.H., Nink V., Narayanan R.K., Osborne G.W., Wray N.R., Bartlett P.F. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   γ-AMINO-BUTYRIC ACID (GABA)   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY
Contained in: J. Neurosci., 2015: 35, 8308-8321

Role of hippocampal β-adrenergic and glucocorticoid receptors in the novelty-induced enhancement of fear extinction

Authors: Liu, J.-F., Yang C., Deng J.-H., Yan W., Luo Y.-X., Shi H.-S., Meng S.-Q., Chai B.-S., Fang Q., Chai N., Xue Y.-X., Sun J., Chen C., Wang X.-Y., Wang J.-S., Lu L.

  Intra-hippocampal propranolol, glucocorticoid antagonist, protein kinase A and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 inhibitors pre novelty-induced open field exposition administration on consolidate fear conditioning extinction and subcessive reinstatement in rats
  Liu, J.-F., Yang C., Deng J.-H., Yan W., Luo Y.-X., Shi H.-S., Meng S.-Q., Chai B.-S., Fang Q., Chai N., Xue Y.-X., Sun J., Chen C., Wang X.-Y., Wang J.-S., Lu L. - 2015

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   EXTINCTION   FEAR AND RELATED BEHAVIORS   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS   PROTEIN KINASES   RECALL AND RECONSOLIDATION   PROTEINS AND GENES
Contained in: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 2015: 129, 34-44

Midazolam treatment before re-exposure to contextual fear reduces freezing behavior and amygdala activity differentially in high- and low-anxiety rats

Authors: Skorzewska, A., Lehner M., Wislowska-Stanek A., Turzynska D., Sobolewska A., Krzascik P., Plaznik A.

  Midazolam on fear conditioning-dependent plasma corticosterone, conditioned freezing expression, brain cortitropin-releasing factor and c-fos expression in high- and low-anxiety rats
  Skorzewska, A., Lehner M., Wislowska-Stanek A., Turzynska D., Sobolewska A., Krzascik P., Plaznik A. - 2015

  AMYGDALA   ANXIOLYTIC DRUGS   CEREBRAL CORTEX   CORTICO-RELEASING-FACTOR (CRF)   FEAR AND RELATED BEHAVIORS   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   HYPOTHALAMUS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   RECALL AND RECONSOLIDATION   PROTEINS AND GENES   CONSOLIDATION
Contained in: Physiol. Behav., 2015: 141, 17-22

Stress and fear responses in the teleost pallium

Authors: Silva, P.I.M., Martins C.I.M., Khan U.W., Gjoen H.M., Overli O., Hoglund E.

  Fear and response to stress in fishes
  Silva, P.I.M., Martins C.I.M., Khan U.W., Gjoen H.M., Overli O., Hoglund E. - 2015

  AMYGDALA   FEAR AND RELATED BEHAVIORS   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   SEROTONIN   STRESS
Contained in: Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 2015: 16, 290-304

Stress and the social brain: behavioural effects and neurobiological mechanisms

Authors: Sandi, C., Haller J.
Contained in: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2015: 112, 881-886

Enduring good memories of infant trauma: rescue of adult neurobehavioral deficits via amygdala serotonin and corticosterone interaction

Authors: Rincon-Cortes, M., Barr G.A., Mouly A.M., Shionoya K., Nunez B.S., Sullivan R.M.

  Amygdalar serotonergic and corticosterone modulation of fear memory from infant to adult rats
  Rincon-Cortes, M., Barr G.A., Mouly A.M., Shionoya K., Nunez B.S., Sullivan R.M. - 2015

  AMYGDALA   FEAR AND RELATED BEHAVIORS   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   SMELL   SEROTONIN
Contained in: Neuron, 2015: 85, 1319-1331

Chronic stress induces anxiety via an amygdalar intracellular cascade that impairs endocannabinoid signaling

Authors: Qin, Z., Zhou X., Pandey N.R., Vecchiarelli H.A., Stewart C.A., Zhang X., Lagace D.C., Brunel J.M., Beique J.-C., Stewart A.F.R., Hill M.N., Chen H.-H.

  Amygdalar CB1 receptor role in neuron excitability, passive avoidance, neophobia, exploratory activity and response to stress in male and female mice: mGluR5 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase modulation
  Qin, Z., Zhou X., Pandey N.R., Vecchiarelli H.A., Stewart C.A., Zhang X., Lagace D.C., Brunel J.M., Beique J.-C., Stewart A.F.R., Hill M.N., Chen H.-H. - 2015

  AMYGDALA   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   AVOIDANCE   CANNABINOIDS   DARK/LIGHT CONTEXT   GENDER   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   GLUTAMATE   SHORT- AND LONG-TERM POTENTIATION AND DEPRESSION   NEOPHOBIA   PROTEIN KINASES   STRESS
Contained in: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA, 2015: 112, 7291-7296

Basolateral amygdala bidirectionally modulates stress-induced hippocampal learning and memory deficits through a p25/Cdk5-dependent pathway

Authors: Rei, D., Mason X., Seo J., Graff J., Rudenko A., Wang J., Rueda R., Siegert S., Cho S., Canter R.G., Mungenast A.E., Deisseroth K., Tsai L.-H.

  Stress on basolateral amygdala input to hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor and histone deacetylase activation in object location/recognition of mice
  Rei, D., Mason X., Seo J., Graff J., Rudenko A., Wang J., Rueda R., Siegert S., Cho S., Canter R.G., Mungenast A.E., Deisseroth K., Tsai L.-H. - 2015

  AMYGDALA   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   PROTEINS AND GENES   ELECTRIC/MAGNETIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATION   STRESS
Contained in: Neuroscience, 2015: 291, 1-14

Neurobiological mechanisms supporting experience-dependent resistance to social stress

Authors: Cooper, M.A., Clinard C.T., Morrison K.E.

  Social stress resistance - Review
  Cooper, M.A., Clinard C.T., Morrison K.E. - 2015

  AMYGDALA   AGGRESSIVE AND DEFENSIVE BEHAVIOR   ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR   CEREBRAL CORTEX   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   GONADAL HORMONES   DORSAL AND MEDIAL RAPHE NUCLEI   REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   SEROTONIN   STRESS
Contained in: Psychopharmacology, 2015: 232, 47-56

The effect of chronic phenytoin administration on single prolonged stress induced extinction retention deficits and glucocorticoid upregulation in the rat medial prefrontal cortex

Authors: George, S.A., Rodriguez-Santiago M., Riley J., Rodriguez E., Liberzon I.

  Stress and phenytoin effects on brain glucocorticoid levels, fear conditioning acquisition and extinction in rats
  George, S.A., Rodriguez-Santiago M., Riley J., Rodriguez E., Liberzon I. - 2015

  AMYGDALA   CEREBRAL CORTEX   EXTINCTION   FEAR AND RELATED BEHAVIORS   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   STRESS
Contained in: Neuron, 2015: 87, 621-631

Acute stress impairs self-control in goal-directed choice by altering multiple functional connections within the brain's decision circuits

Authors: Maier, S.U., Makwana A.B., Hare T.A.

  Stress on prefrontal, amygdalar and striatal functional connection during goal-directed choice task in humans
  Maier, S.U., Makwana A.B., Hare T.A. - 2015

  AMYGDALA   CONDITIONED EMOTIONAL RESPONSE   CEREBRAL CORTEX   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   STRESS   STRIATUM   TASTE
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2015: 288, 39-49

Long-term effects of early adolescent stress: dysregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and central corticotropin releasing factor receptor 1 expression in adult male rats

Authors: Li, C., Liu Y., Yin S., Lu C., Liu D., Jiang H., Pan F.

  Stress on exploratory activity, spatial learning, corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 brain expression in rats: treadmill exercise and dexametazone administration effects
  Li, C., Liu Y., Yin S., Lu C., Liu D., Jiang H., Pan F. - 2015

  AMYGDALA   PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   CEREBRAL CORTEX   CORTICO-RELEASING-FACTOR (CRF)   FEAR AND RELATED BEHAVIORS   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   STEROTYPED BEHAVIORS   HYPOTHALAMUS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   STRESS
Contained in: Neuroscience, 2015: 299, 79-87

The 3-second auditory conditioned stimulus is a more effective stressor that the 20-second auditory conditioned stimulus in male rats

Authors: Kiyokawa, Y., Mikami K., Mikamura Y., Ishii A., Takeuchi Y., Mori Y.

  Stressor auditory conditioned stimulus on fear conditioning acquisition and extinction in rats: bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and basolateral amygdala lesion effects
  Kiyokawa, Y., Mikami K., Mikamura Y., Ishii A., Takeuchi Y., Mori Y. - 2015

  AMYGDALA   CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LESIONS   EXTINCTION   FEAR AND RELATED BEHAVIORS   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   STRESS
Contained in: Nat. Neurosci., 2015: 18, 1353-1363

Mechanisms of stress in the brain

Authors: McEwen, B.S., Bowles N.P., Gray J.D., Hill M.N., Hunter R.G., Karatsoreos I.N., Nasca C.

  Stress effects and brain functions - Review
  McEwen, B.S., Bowles N.P., Gray J.D., Hill M.N., Hunter R.G., Karatsoreos I.N., Nasca C. - 2015

  AMYGDALA   CANNABINOIDS   CEREBRAL CORTEX   CORTICO-RELEASING-FACTOR (CRF)   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   PROTEINS AND GENES   STRESS
Contained in: Neurosci. Res, 2015: 99, 16-21

Housing under abnormal light-dark cycles attenuates day/night expression rhythms of the clock genes Per1, Per2, and Bmal1 in the amygdala and hippocampus of mice

Authors: Moriya, S., Tahara Y., Sasaki H., Ishigooka J., Shibata S.

  Light-dark cycle housing on hippocampal, amygdalar Per1/Per2/Bmal1 gene expression, circadian locomotor activity, corticosterone level and response to stress in mice
  Moriya, S., Tahara Y., Sasaki H., Ishigooka J., Shibata S. - 2015

  AMYGDALA   LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   LUMINANCE AND VISION   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS   STRESS
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2015: 292, 370-380

Rats with differential self-grooming expression in the elevated plus-maze do not differ in anxiety-related behaviors

Authors: Reimer, A.E., Ribeiro de Oliveira, A., Diniz J.B., Hoexter M.Q., Chiavegatto S., Brandao M.L.

  Grooming behavior expression on blood corticosterone and brain monoamine levels, exploratory activity, prepulse inhibition of stertle reflex, fear-potentiated startle expression and extinction in rats
  Reimer, A.E., Ribeiro de Oliveira, A., Diniz J.B., Hoexter M.Q., Chiavegatto S., Brandao M.L. - 2015

  AMYGDALA   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   CEREBRAL CORTEX   EXTINCTION   FEAR AND RELATED BEHAVIORS   GLUCOCORTICOIDS   STEROTYPED BEHAVIORS   CONDITIONED AND UNCONDITIONED INHIBITION   SEROTONIN   STARTLE REFLEX   STRIATUM