2017

Contained in: Neurosci. Lett., 2017: 640, 144-151

Multi-system state shifts and cognitive deficits induced by chronic morphine during abstinence

Authors: Niu, H., Zhang G., Li H., Zhang Q., Li T., Ding S., Wang L., Zhang Z., Qiao Y., Hu M.

  Morphine withdrawal on brain activation, exploratory activity, social interaction and spatial learning in rats
  Niu, H., Zhang G., Li H., Zhang Q., Li T., Ding S., Wang L., Zhang Z., Qiao Y., Hu M. - 2017

  AMYGDALA   EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   BRAIN IMAGING   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR   CEREBRAL CORTEX   HYPOTHALAMUS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   OPIOIDS   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   UNSPECIFIC ASCENDING ACTIVATING SYSTEM PROJECTION   STRIATUM
Contained in: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 2017: 153, 1-11

Enhanced alcohol-drinking behavior associated with active ghrelinergic and serotonergic neurons in the lateral hypothalamus and amygdala

Authors: Yoshimoto, K., Nagao M., Watanabe Y., Yamaguchi T., Ueda S., Kitamura Y., Nishimura K., Inden M., Marunaka Y., Hattori H., Murakami K., Tokaji M., Ochi K.

  Ethanol exposure on plasma ghrelin, hypothalamic ghrelin, dopamine, serotonin levels and hypothalamic, amygdalar, accumbal growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1A expression in mice
  Yoshimoto, K., Nagao M., Watanabe Y., Yamaguchi T., Ueda S., Kitamura Y., Nishimura K., Inden M., Marunaka Y., Hattori H., Murakami K., Tokaji M., Ochi K. - 2017

  AMYGDALA   AGE   DOPAMINE   HYPOTHALAMUS   NEUROPEPTIDES   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   SEROTONIN
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2017: 317, 301-310

mGlu5 receptor antagonist blocks bromocriptine-induced conditioned place preference in bilateral mesolimbic-lesioned rat

Authors: Ouachikh, O., Chassain C., Pages G., Durif F., Hafidi A.

  Ventral tegmental area dopaminergic lesions on accumbens, prefrontal glutamate and GABA levels, accumbal mGluR5 expression, locomotion/rearing, spatial learning and conditioned place preference by D2 agonist bromocriptine in rats
  Ouachikh, O., Chassain C., Pages G., Durif F., Hafidi A. - 2017

  LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LESIONS   SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   CLASSICAL PAVLOVIAN CONDITIONING   CEREBRAL CORTEX   DOPAMINE   γ-AMINO-BUTYRIC ACID (GABA)   GLUTAMATE   STEROTYPED BEHAVIORS   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   UNSPECIFIC ASCENDING ACTIVATING SYSTEM PROJECTION
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2017: 316, 225-233

Altered neural connectivity in adult female rats exposed to early life social stress

Authors: Nephew, B.C., Huang W., Poirier G.L., Payne L., King J.A.

  Early life social stress on brain functional connectivity in adult female rats
  Nephew, B.C., Huang W., Poirier G.L., Payne L., King J.A. - 2017

  BRAIN IMAGING   ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR   CEREBRAL CORTEX   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   PARABRACHIAL NUCLEI   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   STRESS
Contained in: Psychopharmacology, 2017: 234, 255-266

Differential roles for cortical versus sub-cortical noradrenaline and modulation of impulsivity in the rat

Authors: Benn, A., Robinson E.S.J.

  Atomoxetrine or amphetamine on operant/impulsivity response in prefrontal cortex or nucleus accumbens noradrenergic lesioned rats
  Benn, A., Robinson E.S.J. - 2017

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LESIONS   OPERANT CONDITIONING   CEREBRAL CORTEX   DOPAMINE   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS
Contained in: Trends Cogn. Sci., 2017: 21, 80-99

The neurobiology of human attachments

Authors: Feldman, R.
Contained in: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2017: 114, 160-165

Genetic risk for obesity predicts nucleus accumbens size and responsivity to real-world food cues

Authors: Rapuano, K.M., Zieselman A.L., Kelley W.M., Sargent J.D., Heatherton T.F., Gilbert-Diamond D.

  Obesity genetic risk, eating behavior and related brain activity in children
  Rapuano, K.M., Zieselman A.L., Kelley W.M., Sargent J.D., Heatherton T.F., Gilbert-Diamond D. - 2017

  LATERALITY AND ASYMMETRICAL INTERVENTIONS   BRAIN IMAGING   CEREBRAL CORTEX   FEEDING AND DRINKING   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   PROTEINS AND GENES   STRIATUM
Contained in: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 2017: 153, 88-96

Risk-taking, locomotor activity and dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens and medial prefrontal cortex in male rats treated prenatally with alcohol

Authors: Munoz-Villegas, P., Rodriguez V.M., Giordano M., Juarez J.

  Prenatal ethanol exposure on prefrontal and accumbal dopamine levels, response to methylphenidate and locomotion, exploration, impulsivity in adolescent rat offspring
  Munoz-Villegas, P., Rodriguez V.M., Giordano M., Juarez J. - 2017

  EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   CEREBRAL CORTEX   DOPAMINE   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS
Contained in: Psychopharmacology, 2017: 234, 15-27

Pramipexole induced place preference after L-dopa therapy and nigral dopaminergic loss: lonking behavior to transcriptional modifications

Authors: Loiodice, S., Winlow P., Dremier S., Hanon E., Dardou D., Ouachikh O., Hafidi A., da Costa A.N., Durif F.

  Conditioned place preference by D2/3 agonist pramipexole in dopaminergic substantia nigra lesioned and control rats: striatal, accumbal transcriptional profiling and L-dopa treatment effects
  Loiodice, S., Winlow P., Dremier S., Hanon E., Dardou D., Ouachikh O., Hafidi A., da Costa A.N., Durif F. - 2017

  LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LESIONS   CLASSICAL PAVLOVIAN CONDITIONING   DOPAMINE   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   PROTEINS AND GENES   STRIATUM   SUBSTANTIA NIGRA
Contained in: Neurosci. Lett., 2017: 641, 56-61

Moderate intensity treadmill exercise alters food preference via dopaminergic plasticity of ventral tegmental area-nucleus accumbens in obese mice

Authors: Chen, W., Wang H.J., Shang N.N., Liu J., Li J., Tang D.H., Li Q.

  Treadmill exercise on ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens dopaminergic expression and food preference in obese and control mice
  Chen, W., Wang H.J., Shang N.N., Liu J., Li J., Tang D.H., Li Q. - 2017

  LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   DOPAMINE   FEEDING AND DRINKING   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   UNSPECIFIC ASCENDING ACTIVATING SYSTEM PROJECTION
Contained in: Neurosci. Lett., 2017: 641, 33-39

Long-term effects of maternal separation coupled with social isolation on reward seeking and changes in dopamine D1 receptor expression in the nucleus accumbens via DNA methylation in mice

Authors: Sasagawa, T., Horii-Hayashi N., Okuda A., Hashimoto T., Azuma C., Nishi M.

  Early maternal separation and social isolation on ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens dopaminergic expression, palatable food choice and related conditined place preference in male and female adult mice
  Sasagawa, T., Horii-Hayashi N., Okuda A., Hashimoto T., Azuma C., Nishi M. - 2017

  SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND SPATIAL MEMORY   ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR   CLASSICAL PAVLOVIAN CONDITIONING   GENDER   DOPAMINE   FEEDING AND DRINKING   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   UNSPECIFIC ASCENDING ACTIVATING SYSTEM PROJECTION   TASTE
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2017: 317, 16-26

Altered function in medial prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens links to stress-induced behavioral inflexibility

Authors: Piao, C., Deng X., Wang X., Yuan Y., Liu Z., Liang J.

  Stress and operant response on medial prefrontal/accumbal GluA1/c-Fos expression in mice
  Piao, C., Deng X., Wang X., Yuan Y., Liu Z., Liang J. - 2017

  OPERANT CONDITIONING   CEREBRAL CORTEX   GLUTAMATE   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   PROTEINS AND GENES   STRESS
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2017: 317, 340-349

The role of neuropeptide CART in the lateral hypothalamic-ventral tegmental area (LH-VTA) circuit in motivation

Authors: Somalwar, A.R., Shelkar G.P., Subhedar N.K., Kokare D.M.

  Intracerebroventricular or intra-ventral tegmental area neuropeptide CART on lateral hypothalamus-medial forebrain bundle ioerant self-stimulation in rats: intra-nucleus accumbens D1 antagonist on intra-ventral tegmental area CART operant self-administration study
  Somalwar, A.R., Shelkar G.P., Subhedar N.K., Kokare D.M. - 2017

  OPERANT CONDITIONING   DOPAMINE   HYPOTHALAMUS   NEUROPEPTIDES   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   UNSPECIFIC ASCENDING ACTIVATING SYSTEM PROJECTION   ELECTRIC/MAGNETIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATION
Contained in: Brain Res., 2017: 1655, 66-76

Cocaine self-administration, extinction training and drug-induced relapse change metabotropic glutamate mGlu5 receptors expression: evidence from radiologiand binding and immunohistochemistry assays

Authors: Pomierny-Chamiolo, L., Miszkiel J., Frankowska M., Bystrowska B., Filip M.

  Cocaine operant self-administration acquisition, extinction and reinstatement on brain mGluR5 expression in rats
  Pomierny-Chamiolo, L., Miszkiel J., Frankowska M., Bystrowska B., Filip M. - 2017

  OPERANT CONDITIONING   CEREBRAL CORTEX   DOPAMINE   EXTINCTION   GLUTAMATE   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   RECALL AND RECONSOLIDATION   UNSPECIFIC ASCENDING ACTIVATING SYSTEM PROJECTION   STRIATUM   SUBSTANTIA NIGRA
Contained in: Eur. J. Neurosci., 2017: 45, 147-158

Dopaminergic neurotransmission in ventral and dorsal striatum differentially modulates alcohol reinforcement

Authors: Spoelder, M., Hesseling P., Styles M., Baars A.M., Lozeman-van 't Klooster J.G., Lesscher H.M.B., Vanderschuren L.J.M.J.

  Intra-nucleus accumbens or dorsolateral striatal dopamine antagonist on operant ethanol self-administration in rats
  Spoelder, M., Hesseling P., Styles M., Baars A.M., Lozeman-van 't Klooster J.G., Lesscher H.M.B., Vanderschuren L.J.M.J. - 2017

  OPERANT CONDITIONING   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   SCHEDULE INDUCED CONDITIONING AND BEHAVIOR   STRIATUM
Contained in: Eur. J. Neurosci., 2017: 45, 167-174

The unique psycostimulant profile of (+)-modafinil: investigation of behavioral and neurochemical effects in mice

Authors: Mereu, M., Chun L.E., Prisinzano T.E., Newman A.H., Katz J.L., Tanda G.

  Dopaminergic psychostimulant modafinil on accumbal dopamine release and cocaine operant self-administration in mice
  Mereu, M., Chun L.E., Prisinzano T.E., Newman A.H., Katz J.L., Tanda G. - 2017

  OPERANT CONDITIONING   DOPAMINE   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS
Contained in: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 2017: 152, 52-60

Sex differences in abuse-related neurochemical and behavioral effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in rats

Authors: Lazenka, M.F., Suyama J.A., Bauer C.T., Banks M.L., Negus S.S.

  MDMA on accumbal dopamine/serotonin levels and medial forebrain bundle operant self-stimulation in male and female rats
  Lazenka, M.F., Suyama J.A., Bauer C.T., Banks M.L., Negus S.S. - 2017

  OPERANT CONDITIONING   GENDER   DOPAMINE   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   SEROTONIN   ELECTRIC/MAGNETIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATION
Contained in: Brain Res., 2017: 1657, 74-86

Noradrenergic modulation of evoked dopamine release and pH shift in the mouse dorsal hippocampus and ventral striatum

Authors: Weitemier, A.Z., McHugh T.J.

  Ventral tegmental area stimulation on hippocampal/ventral striatal monoamine levels in norepinephrine-depleted and control mice
  Weitemier, A.Z., McHugh T.J. - 2017

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LESIONS   DOPAMINE   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   UNSPECIFIC ASCENDING ACTIVATING SYSTEM PROJECTION   ELECTRIC/MAGNETIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATION   STRIATUM
Contained in: Neuropharmacology, 2017: 113, 260-270

The effects of reduced dopamine transporter function and chronic lithium on motivation, probabilistic learning, and neurochemistry in mice: modeling bipolar mania

Authors: Milienne-Petiot, M., Kesby J.P., Graves M., van Enkhuizen J., Semenova S., Minassian A., Markou A., Geyer M.A., Young J.W.

  Dopamine transporter functioning and lithium on brain monoamine levels and operant responding in mice
  Milienne-Petiot, M., Kesby J.P., Graves M., van Enkhuizen J., Semenova S., Minassian A., Markou A., Geyer M.A., Young J.W. - 2017

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   OPERANT CONDITIONING   CEREBRAL CORTEX   DOPAMINE   HYPOTHALAMUS   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   SCHEDULE INDUCED CONDITIONING AND BEHAVIOR   SEROTONIN   STRIATUM
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2017: 319, 165-173

Phosphodiesterase-7 inhibition affects accumbal and hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone expression, feeding and anxiety behavior of rats

Authors: Valdes-Moreno, M.I., Alcantara-Alonso V., Estrada-Camarena E., Mengod G., Amaya M.I., Matamoros-Trejo G., de Gortari P.

  Systemic or intra-nucleus accumbens phosphodiesterase-7 inhibitor on accumbal/hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone and CREB expression, feeding, exploratory activity and defensive burying behavior in rats
  Valdes-Moreno, M.I., Alcantara-Alonso V., Estrada-Camarena E., Mengod G., Amaya M.I., Matamoros-Trejo G., de Gortari P. - 2017

  EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   FEEDING AND DRINKING   FEAR AND RELATED BEHAVIORS   HYPOTHALAMUS   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   PROTEINS AND GENES   THYROID HORMONES
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2017: 317, 218-225

NMDAR dependent intracellular responses associated with cocaine conditioned place preference behavior

Authors: Nygard, S.K., Klambatsen A., Balouch B., Quinones-Jenab V., Jenab S.

  NMDA antagonist on conditioned place preference by cocaine and related accumbal and caudatal extracellular signal-regulated kinase/CREB/ΔFos B posphorylation in rats
  Nygard, S.K., Klambatsen A., Balouch B., Quinones-Jenab V., Jenab S. - 2017

  CLASSICAL PAVLOVIAN CONDITIONING   DOPAMINE   N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE (NMDA)   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   PROTEIN KINASES   PROTEINS AND GENES
Contained in: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2017: 114, 1395-1400

WAVE1 in neurons expressing the D1 dopamine receptor regulates cellular and behavioral actions of cocaine

Authors: Ceglia, I., Lee K.-W., Cahill M.E., Graves S.M., Dietz D., Surmeier D.J., Nestler E.J., Nairn A.C., Greengard P., Kim Y.

  WAVE1 protein on cocaine effects on accumbal dopaminergic neuron excitability/plasticity and conditioned place preference in mice: AMPA modulation
  Ceglia, I., Lee K.-W., Cahill M.E., Graves S.M., Dietz D., Surmeier D.J., Nestler E.J., Nairn A.C., Greengard P., Kim Y. - 2017

  CLASSICAL PAVLOVIAN CONDITIONING   DOPAMINE   GLUTAMATE   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   NEUROGENESIS AND PLASTICITY   PROTEINS AND GENES   ELECTRIC/MAGNETIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATION
Contained in: Cell. Mol. Neurobiol., 2017: 37, 315-328

Involvemtn of AMPA/Kainate glutamate receptor in the extinction and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference: a behavioral and molecular study

Authors: Siahposht-Khachaki, A., Fatahi Z., Yans A., Khodagholi F., Haghparast A.

  Intracerebroventricular AMPA antagonist on conditioned place preference by morphine acquisition, extinction, reinstatement and related prefrontal/accumbal/hippocampal CREB expression in rats
  Siahposht-Khachaki, A., Fatahi Z., Yans A., Khodagholi F., Haghparast A. - 2017

  CLASSICAL PAVLOVIAN CONDITIONING   CEREBRAL CORTEX   EXTINCTION   GLUTAMATE   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   OPIOIDS   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   PROTEINS AND GENES
Contained in: Neuroscience, 2017: 344, 67-73

Glutamate transporter type 3 participates in maintaining morphine-induced conditioned place preference

Authors: Wan, L., Bi J., Li J., Zuo Z.

  Glutamate transporter type 3 on conditioned place preference by morphine acquisition, extinction and reinstatement in male and female mice
  Wan, L., Bi J., Li J., Zuo Z. - 2017

  CLASSICAL PAVLOVIAN CONDITIONING   CEREBRAL CORTEX   GENDER   EXTINCTION   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   OPIOIDS   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   RECALL AND RECONSOLIDATION   UNSPECIFIC ASCENDING ACTIVATING SYSTEM PROJECTION
Contained in: Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 2017: 18, 158-171

Fractionating impulsivity: neuropsychiatric implications

Authors: Dalley, J.W., Robbins T.W.

  Neural networks of impulsivity - Review
  Dalley, J.W., Robbins T.W. - 2017

  EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE   OPERANT CONDITIONING   DOPAMINE   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   SEROTONIN   STRIATUM
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2017: 320, 75-84

Neural correlates of affective empathy and reinforcement learning in boys with conduct problems: fMRI evidence from a gambling task

Authors: Schwenck, C., Ciaramidaro A., Selivanova M., Tournay J., Freitag C.M., Siniatchkin M.

  Brain activation related to gambling task in "conduct problem" and control adolescents
  Schwenck, C., Ciaramidaro A., Selivanova M., Tournay J., Freitag C.M., Siniatchkin M. - 2017

  AMYGDALA   LATERALITY AND ASYMMETRICAL INTERVENTIONS   BRAIN IMAGING   ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR   OPERANT CONDITIONING   CEREBRAL CORTEX   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   STRIATUM
Contained in: Neurobiol. Learn. Mem., 2017: 139, 89-97

A framework for understanding and advancing intertemporal choice reasearch using rodent models

Authors: Fobbs, W.C., Mizumori S.J.Y.

  Neural basis of "intertemporal choice": animal model studies - Review
  Fobbs, W.C., Mizumori S.J.Y. - 2017

  AMYGDALA   CEREBRAL CORTEX   DOPAMINE   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   REVIEWS AND COMMENTARIES   UNSPECIFIC ASCENDING ACTIVATING SYSTEM PROJECTION
Contained in: Behav. Brain Res., 2017: 320, 225-232

Quetiapine treatment reverses depressive-like behavior and reduces DNA methyltransferase activity induced by maternal deprivation

Authors: Ignacio, Z.M., Reus G.Z., Abelaria H.M., Maciel A.L., de Moura A.B., Matos D., Demo J.P., da Silva J.B.I., Gava F.F., Valvassori S.S., Carvalho A.F., Quevedo J.

  Quetiapine on early maternal deprivation effects on prefrontal, hippocampal, accumbal histone acetyltransferase/deacetylases levels, response to stress, exploratory/rearingbehavior in adult rats
  Ignacio, Z.M., Reus G.Z., Abelaria H.M., Maciel A.L., de Moura A.B., Matos D., Demo J.P., da Silva J.B.I., Gava F.F., Valvassori S.S., Carvalho A.F., Quevedo J. - 2017

  EXPLORATORY ACTIVITY   ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR   CEREBRAL CORTEX   STEROTYPED BEHAVIORS   HIPPOCAMPUS, FORNIX AND SUBICULUM   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   PROTEINS AND GENES   STRESS
Contained in: Nat. Neurosci., 2017: 20, 438-448

Circuit specificity in the inhibitory architecture of the VTA regulates cocaine-induced behavior

Authors: Edwards, N.J., Tejeda H.A., Pignatelli M., Zhang S., McDevitt R.A., Wu J., Bass C.E., Bettler B., Morales M., Bonci A.

  Nucelus accumbens to ventral tegmental area dopaminergic neuron projection on cocaine- or morphine-induced locomotor activity in mice: GABAergic modulation
  Edwards, N.J., Tejeda H.A., Pignatelli M., Zhang S., McDevitt R.A., Wu J., Bass C.E., Bettler B., Morales M., Bonci A. - 2017

  LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY   DOPAMINE   γ-AMINO-BUTYRIC ACID (GABA)   OPIOIDS   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   UNSPECIFIC ASCENDING ACTIVATING SYSTEM PROJECTION   ELECTRIC/MAGNETIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATION
Contained in: Nat. Neurosci., 2017: 20, 449-458

Hormonal gain control of a medial preoptic area social reward circuit

Authors: McHenry, J.A., Otis J.M., Rossi M.A. Robinson J.E., Kosyk O., Miller N.W., McElligott Z.A., Budygin E.A., Rubinow D.R., Stuber G.D.

  Medial preoptic area to ventral tegmental area pathway on accumbal neuron firing and social, sexual behavior in male and female mice: olfactory and estradiol modulation effects
  McHenry, J.A., Otis J.M., Rossi M.A. Robinson J.E., Kosyk O., Miller N.W., McElligott Z.A., Budygin E.A., Rubinow D.R., Stuber G.D. - 2017

  SEXUAL BEHAVIOR   ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR   GENDER   DOPAMINE   GONADAL HORMONES   HYPOTHALAMUS   NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS   SMELL   UNSPECIFIC ASCENDING ACTIVATING SYSTEM PROJECTION   ELECTRIC/MAGNETIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATION